Graha * Bhava * Amsha * Rashi

Nakshatra of Chandra

Shri Vishnu Sahasranama * manuscript, c. 1690

Śrāvaṇa * Kolkata, circa 1890

Victoria and Albert Museum

AUM som somaya namah

AUM hreem shreem chandraya namah

manimaya poojitha saantha soroopini thiruvonathevi sahaayakrube

श्रावण Śrāvaṇa

Shravana

Sravana

श्राविष्ठ Śrāviṣṭha

shrona

śruti

thiruvonam

हरिनक्षत्र harinakṣatra

hari

विष्णु ऋक्ष viṣṇu ṛkṣa

apramaya * ananta

azvattha

Chandra in Śrāvaṇa-Hari

contributions coming to Earth

from the star-civilizations of

Altair the Flying Eagle

+ Alshain the Falcon

+ Tarazed the Pointer

The Way (vana) of the Listener (sra)

One Who Hears

Shaman

obedience

endless streaming, flowing

classroom of Professor Comforting Chandra

curriculum of sensitive shamanism

;regulated listening

Sacred Tree for Śrāvaṇa

QUOTATION Valerie Roebuck, The Circle of the Stars, p. 100

"22-Śrāvaṇa and 23-Śrāviṣṭha (Dhanishta) are a pair, even though they are not called purva-uttara, like the other nakshatra pairs."

the Twenty-second Nakshatra

• 10:00 - until - 23:20 Makara-Draco * Capricorn

• pada 85, 86, 87, 88 of total 108

• first half of the Nakshatra pair-portal * sraviztha + Dhaniṣṭha

Zravana Nakshatra Celestial Location -- The Circle of Stars

1. alpha-Aquilae * Al-tair * Altair * Nesr al-Tair * The Flying Eagle

2. beta-Aquilae * Al-shain * Alshain * al-Sahin * The Royal Falcon

3. gamma-Aquilae * The Pointer * Tarazed * Persian Sahin Tarazu * Latin Humerus Vulturis

Ananta * An-antya * endless, boundless, eternal, infinite

Apramaya * imperishable

Ashva-attha * under which horses [azva] stand * the holy fig tree * Ficus Religiosa

Ashvattha * a sheltered place for listening to instructions

• According to Roebuck in The Circle of Stars, Ashvattha = The Pipal Tree = ficus religiosa = the anciently sacred tree under which [Gautama] Buddha attained enlightenment, sacred in India 2000 yrs before [Gautama] Buddha .

Cri-vana * Chrivana

Hari * Harideva * Hari-Nakshatra

Shara-vana * Zraavana

Savarna

Shrona * Azvattha

Shrona is a rendering of Śrāvaṇa nakshatra. Azva-attha means the tree under which horses take shelter. This same tree, Ficus Religiosa, is also a place where the Shaman * Shramin go to listen to the spirits. But despite Azvattha being an attribute of Shrona, Azvattha due to being associated with horses is also sometimes applied as a moniker for Aśvini.

Sra-vishtha

Thiruvonam Tamil * Thiruonam

viSnuriksha

Dro-shin Tibetan

The constellation of Aquila from Richard Dibon-Smith

The location of Dhaniṣṭha * Vasava Nakshatra is also added in red (upper left corner) by BP Lama

Sacred Tree for Śrāvaṇa Nakshatra

see nakshatra gardens at: www.vedicvanas.com/nakshatravana.html

• western botanical name: Calotropis gigantea

• Sanskrita namah:

  Tibetan (bodkye):

  Common names: Madar (India) widuri (indonesia)

  English name: Crown Flower

Calotropis Gigantea = Crown Flower = sacred to Sravishtha Nakshatra

Vishva-rupa * Jaipur c. 1850 * Rare Book Society of India

Śrāvaṇa the Ear is a splendid Nakshatra for any of the listening professions.

Śrāvaṇa = passive, inuitive [Chandra] listening

then having heard the beat. the next nakshatra Dhaniṣṭha-Delphinus-Vasu = active [Mangala] upward movement, dance, rhythmic climbing

Professional Listeners

• psychic channelers, messengers, evangelists, announcers, non-linear-to-linear interpreters

• language interpreters, literary translators

• Social workers and Community Advocates

• Spiritual counseling in its many guises.

• pastoral counselors, peer counselors

• Psychiatrists and psychological therapists

• court-reporter, deposition attorney

• intake officers, interviewers, receptionists

• Wire-tapping, secret information gathering; police detective

• public relations advisers

• military security and espionage

• Counseling and confidentiality professions, esp. physician and attorney

Diplomacy

• governor-NM and diplomat Bill Richardson ,

• USA Sec. of State 2005-2009 Condoleezza Rice

Attributed to: Mori Sosen, (1747 - 1821) Monkeys. Late 18th - early 19th century. Japan. Hanging scroll, ink and color on silk.

The Animal Symbol for Zravana is the Female Monkey.

Nakshatra Vocabulary

QUOTATION from Koeln Digital Sanskrit Lexicon

zru

• to hear, listen or attend to anything

srAma

• lameness, sickness, disease - especially of animals

Śrāvaṇa

"The ear

The act of hearing (cf. zruti );

• acquiring knowledge by hearing, learning, study;

• relating to or perceived by the ear, Audible

knowledge derived from hearing; listener

fame, reputation;

wealth

limping, lame;

Three footsteps = tri-vikrama

hypotenuse of a triangle or the diagonal of a tetragon

The 20th (or 23rd) Nakshatra (presided over by Vishnu

• and containing the three stars inc. Aquilae,

• supposed to represent three footsteps "

QUOTATION from Dennis Harness, The Nakshatras: The Lunar Mansions of Vedic Astrology

"22. Śrāvaṇa: The Star of Learning

(Capricornus 10 00 to 23 20 )

Śrāvaṇa translates as the hearing, with its primary symbol being an ear. It is a deva, or godly nakshatra that has the capacity to hear the astral sounds of Krishna s flute, and the celestial bells or the cosmic Om.

The natives of this asterism usually have brilliant minds and the capacity to study other cultures and spiritual dimensions.

The movie director, George Lucas and Vedic scholar, David Frawley both have their natal Moons in this auspicious nakshatra.

Material success is a result of the primary motivation of this asterism being artha or wealth.

The primary deity is Vishnu, the Preserver of the Universe.

Saraswati, the Goddess of Learning, is considered to be the female deity associated with Śrāvaṇa.

The shakti is the power to provide connection with others ."

QUOTATION Pandit David Frawley:

• Fruits of Worshipping Each Nakshatra

"Vishnu desired, "May I hear people say good words about me.

May I not gain any bad regard."

One who makes the appropriate offering to Vishnu, to Śrāvaṇa,

• hears good words about himself

• and does not come to any bad regard.

Those born under Śrāvaṇa are concerned about what people say about them

about their public reputation .

• They will strive to keep themselves in good repute.

They are sensitive about the opinions of others."

Rising Nakshatra

Feminine Nativities

Śrāvaṇa

Shrona * Hari * Śrāviṣṭha Apramaya * Azvattha

BPL commentary

For Zra-vana births of a feminine valence, the condition of reflective, sheltering, undulating, rhythmic, routinized, culturally rooted, boundary-defending, security-seeking, nourishing, parental, matrikaraka Chandra may considerably affect the outcome.

For those born into the Soma-ruled paradigm of Apramaya, mother-figures, protectors, guardians, elemental spirits, natural environments, waters, roots, eggs, gardeners, farmers, fisher-folk, caretakers, foundation-builders, police, schoolteachers, parents, providers of nourishment , and defenders of the root culture, may be especially influential.

Instructional guidance provided by emissaries from the civilizations of Aquila. Their purpose is sensitive, parental leadership and maintenance of the comforting rhythms of the social order.

The Listener* Shaman

Śrāviṣṭha ladies are exceptionally concerned with their social reputation. Orderly personalities who often conduct high-visibility careers, they are dedicated to family life and naturally comfortable with motherhood. Shrona-born often assume caretaker roles in social organizations and at all levels of government.

Apramaya-born are often found operating charitable agencies, teaching school, or protecting their cultural foundations. Hari-born attend to the needs of mothers and children, often using the slow and indirect bureaucratic methods that might intimidate a less patient leader. Yet, in their care it is quietly effective.

Śrāvaṇa-born are highly skilled listeners. Due to their exceptional sensitivity to rhythm, pace, and tone, Śrāvaṇa can be music and dance performers. Whether professionally or socially, Śrāviṣṭha ladies are typically superb dancers who delight in the orchestrated flow of gracious dancing.

Measured, appropriate tone

The primary aim of Apramaya-born is to deflect any unfavorable public opinion from themselves and their family. A secondary aim is to socially structure the regular flow of seasons in the lunar cycle. Thus, they are often engaged with the comforting rituals of the liturgical calendar.

Combining Chandra's orientation to the past with Shani's need for reliable rules of conduct, Shrona folks may appear to be rather old-fashioned. Misbehavior is upsetting for them. Śrāvaṇa mothers bask in the glow of their children and grandchildren's accomplishments. Being a grandmother, or a grand-dame in some socially respected way, is perhaps their most cherished role.

Themes of propriety, politeness, security, seasonal flow, and the soothing rhythms of homelife may contextualize Śrāvaṇa's terrestrial experience. Applies also to Chandra in Śrāvaṇa

QUOTATION from: Shil-Ponde.(1939). Hindu Astrology Joytisha-Shastra . p 99.

"Denotes a charitable and benevolent person of

• strength of character

• and calmness of demeanor .

She gives courage to others.

• The nervous and needy come to her for help,

• and get it.

These women make good designers and interior decorators ."

Public Figures - Feminine Nativities

• All four pada of Śrāvaṇa * the shaman, the listener * occupy Makara-Draco lagna:

• see also: Chandra in Śrāvaṇa * soothed by careful listening * protectors of undulating shamanic sound * needs customary lawfulness

All four pada of Śrāvaṇa occupy Makara-Draco rashi

Śrāvaṇa-Hari * the Listener * ruled by intuitive protective, habitual, rhythmic, parental, sheltering, customary, affectionate Chandra

Chandra's mūlatrikoṇa = Vrishabha bhava-5 = literary genius, political entitlements, royalty, entertainment, gambling, center-stage roles, celebrity status, charismatic performance, creative literature

• UK Queen 1819-1901 Empress Victoria-1

• POTUS-pair-36 Wildflowers 1912-2007 Ladybird Johnson

• UK-Queen 1926- Elizabeth-2

• USA Sec. of State 2005-2009 Condoleezza Rice

Feminine nativities - Śrāvaṇa Svamsha

• POTUS-pair-18 Civil War 1826-1902 Julia Dent Grant

• Sophie's Choice 1949- drama Meryl Streep

Rising Nakshatra

Masculine Nativities

Śrāvaṇa

Shrona * Hari * Apramaya * Azvattha

BPL commentary

For Zra-vana births of masculine valence, the condition of reflective, sheltering, undulating, rhythmic, routinized, culturally rooted, boundary-defending, security-seeking, nourishing, parental, matrikaraka Chandra may considerably affect the outcome.

For those born into the Soma-ruled paradigm of Apramaya, mother-figures, protectors, guardians, elemental spirits, natural environments, waters, roots, eggs, gardeners, farmers, fisher-folk, caretakers, foundation-builders, police, schoolteachers, parents, providers of nourishment, and defenders of the root culture, may be especially influential.

Instructional guidance provided by emissaries from the civilizations of Aquila. Their purpose is sensitive, parental leadership and maintenance of the comforting rhythms of the social order.

The Listener * Shaman

Śrāviṣṭha gentlemen are exceptionally concerned with their social reputation. Parental in their authority style, they adopt organizational caretaker roles and are found in secure positions at all levels of society. Śrāvaṇa are often found working in the slow but reliable bureaucracies which evoke their characteristic persevering patience.

Apramaya-born are often found operating charitable agencies, teaching school, or protecting their cultural foundations. Although their careers may elevate to the highest ranks of social decision-making, Hari-born remember always the simple family folk and their concerns with property, security, and nourishment.

As fathers, teachers, and social leaders, Shravistha chaps are generally stable and protective. They are blessed with an intuitive understanding of the social law in context of ancient customs. Many are lawyers, judges, social-justice advocates, or teachers of the law.

In personal relationships, their comfort-seeking Chandra seeks an equally placid, parental match. Yet, being such peaceful people, these men may find balance with wives who are somewhat more outspoken.

Śrāvaṇa-born are highly skilled listeners. Due to their exceptional sensitivity to rhythm, pace, and tone, Śrāvaṇa can be singers and musicians. Śrāviṣṭha gentlemen are typically superb dancers who delight in the orchestrated flow of gracious dancing. When the occasion calls for careful listening to the beat of the music, their steps may be practiced and elegant.

Measured, appropriate tone

Śrāvaṇa must combine Shani's mandate to maintain the larger social order with parental Chandra's focus on the local settlement, housing, schools, and farms. Often their focus is property law.

Although public dignity remains important, Śrāvaṇa fellows are also concerned to maintain the steady life flow [Chandra] of the ethnicity or the nation. Combining Chandra's orientation to the past with Shani's need for reliable rules of conduct, Shrona folks may appear to be rather old-fashioned. They find comfort in the old liturgical rhythms and are often regular participants in the rites of public worship. Their most cherished roles are usually Father and Grandfather.

Themes of social stability, public safety, property rights, protection of the old routines, maintenance of the tribe, and the soothing rhythms of homelife may contextualize Śrāvaṇa's terrestrial experience. Applies also to Chandra in Śrāvaṇa

QUOTATION from: Shil-Ponde(1939). Hindu Astrology Joytisha-Shastra.p 86.

"An excellent character, the keynote of which is kind heartedness and generosity,

• particularly to those less fortunate than himself.

This man will always be able to accumulate the good things of life

• without injuring anyone else to do so.

He will be disposed to share his belongings with the poor and needy.

• The extent of his activities in this direction,

• will of course depend on his station in life.

Many social workers and philanthropists have Śrāvaṇa rising.

He will also be very religious

• and will participate in church activities

• if his environment permits."

• All four pada of Śrāvaṇa * the shaman, the listener * occupy Makara-Draco lagna:

• see also: Chandra in Śrāvaṇa * soothed by careful listening * protectors of undulating shamanic sound * needs customary lawfulness

Pada 1-2-3-4 of Śrāvaṇa occupy the center of Makara-Draco

• India-PM 1889-1964 Toward Freedom Jawaharlal Nehru

• 52nd Dai, Dawoodi Bohra 1915-2014 Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin

• USA Civil Rights 1929-1968 Rev. Martin Luther King

• Archbishop of Canterbury 1950- Rowan Williams

• Raag Khamaj 1920-2012 sitarist Ravi Shankar

General Description of Śrāvaṇa characteristics

QUOTATION from Das / Behari

"... very good attractive physical features.

Normally height will be small and ... a peculiar mark on the face, may be in the form of a mole or some other mark which appears to be a kind of disfigurement.

In some cases, a black mole beneath the shoulder has been noticed.

You are very sweet in speech and also you maintain neatness in every work you undertake.

• There is a set principle for you in life.

• You expect your surroundings to be very clean and you dislike persons who do not have the tendency of maintaining neatness.

• Once you notice a person in untidy conditions you will not hesitate to open your mouth.

• You take pity on the condition of others and try to help others as far as possible.

• You like to have very neat and delicious food... a very good host.

You are god fearing and have full respect for elders.

• You are a believer in victory for truth.

• You cannot expect much benefit or return from those persons whom you have helped whereas it has been noticed that you are subject to deceit from others.

• Even if you catch a thief, you will try to find out the truth of the circumstances which led that person to become a thief and if you are convinced you will let that person go.

Your inherent quality of peaceful appearance and the knack of dealings will penetrate to the minds of the public , hence you are the fittest politician for modern times.

• Your smile is enough to attract and be remembered by others.

• Whatever may be the ups and downs in life, you will neither reach to the top or bottom.

• In other words, a mediocre life will be enjoyed by you.

• Even illiterate persons born in this Nakshatra will show complete maturity and will be eager to gather knowledge whenever they get opportunity.

You are a very good adviser.

• Others will look to you for solving individual as well as collective problems.

• You are a versatile genius.

• You have the ability and capacity to undertake different jobs at a time.

• If you are installed in a seat of some power and authority, you will shine well.

You are always in search of an authoritative job.

Since you have to shoulder much responsibilities and spend for fulfilling responsibilities you will always be in need of money.

• You will not like to take revenge even on your bitterest enemies.

• On the other hand you will think to let God give due punishment to them.

• Up to 30 years of age you will undergo several changes.

• Between 30 to 45 years of age will mark stability in all walks of life.

• In case you go beyond 65 years due to beneficial planetary positions you can expect remarkable progress both economical and social.

• You are suitable for taking up mechanical or technical work or engineering. You may also be connected with petroleum or oil products.

Married life will be filled with extra-ordinary happiness.

• You will have a spouse with all good qualities.

• That does not necessarily cause you to remain faithful however.

You may suffer from ear problems, skin disease, eczema, rheumatism, tuberculosis and indigestion."

Description of the Pada = four quarters = four steps = of Śrāvaṇa

Śrāvaṇa Pada-1 * Mesha = Svamsha

BPL Commentary

Leadership

Makara-Draco rules the 10th navamsha suggesting Shani-profiled careers in governance, over-seer, legislation, policy and law, executive decision-making, bureaucracy, social ordering, hierarchies, stepwise processes, protocols and procedures, imposition of rules and consequences, elder judge, graduations and grading, professions of aging and antiquities, geriatrics, stiffening, rigidity, stones-and-bones, old things, structure

Partnership

Tula-Vanika = the 7th navamsha, broadly suggesting Shukra--profiled spousal characteristics of harmonizing nature, sweets-seeking tendencies, luxury lifestyle, gracious arrangements, adjustability, negotiating skills, partnership orientation, and diplomatic perspective. D-1 Bhrigu can indicate the lifemate's social context and position. Graha residing within the 7th navamsha ++ graha-yuti-Shukra-D-1 can contribute more detailed behaviors.

Feminine Nativities

Masculine Nativities

• India-PM 1889-1964 Toward Freedom Jawaharlal Nehru

QUOTATION from Das / Behari

• __________________________

QUOTATION FROM for the Male only * by Shil-Ponde. (1939). Hindu Astrology Joytisha-Shastra . p 105

"Fair complexion.

Kind-hearted;

• orthodox in religion , usually attending church regularly,

likes social functions and fond of family life.

• Will have more than two children.

Has good health,

• likes to dress well,

• and fond of flowers .

Get much enjoyment out of the company of the opposite sex;

• likes to travel.

Will have trouble in the generative organs and possibly a surgical operation."

Śrāvaṇa Pada-2 * Vrishabha-Urisha = Svamsha

Pushkara Navamsha

BPL Commentary

Leadership

Kumbha-Ghata rules the 10th navamsha suggesting Shani-profiled careers in scientific systems, regulated networks, distribution networks, economics, ecologies, communities, friendship linkage, weaving, knitting, knotting, making of nets, marketplaces, associations, large-scale gatherings, professions of the marketplaces, bazar, social participation, gridwork, framework, conceptual exchange grids, social and electro-magnetic connections

Partnership

Vṛścika-Ketta = the 7th navamsha, broadly suggesting Mangala-profiled spousal characteristics of penetrating nature, surgical tendencies, pursuit of mystery, quest for discovery and disclosure, psychological vigor, controling attitude, mining and harvesting skills, preference for unexpected action, and secretive perspective. D-1 Mangala can indicate the lifemate's social context and position. Graha residing within the 7th navamsha ++ graha-yuti-Kuja-D-1 can contribute more detailed behaviors.

Masculine Nativities

• 52nd Dai, Dawoodi Bohra 1915-2014 Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin

Feminine Nativities

• POTUS-pair-36 Wildflowers 1912-2007 Ladybird Johnson

QUOTATION from Das / Behari

• ___________________

QUOTATION * for the Male only * by Shil-Ponde. (1939). Hindu Astrology Joytisha-Shastra . p 105

same as Śrāvaṇa Pada-1

"Fair complexion.

Kind-hearted;

• orthodox in religion , usually attending church regularly,

likes social functions and fond of family life.

• Will have more than two children.

Has good health,

• likes to dress well, and fond of flowers .

Get much enjoyment out of the company of the opposite sex;

• likes to travel.

Will have trouble in the generative organs and possibly a surgical operation."

Śrāvaṇa Pada-3* Mithunaya = Svamsha

BPL Commentary

Leadership

Meena-Antya rules the 10th navamsha suggesting Guru-profiled careers in charity, spiritual guidance, divination, water-gazing, dream-interpretation, clairsentient visions, imagination, sacred symbols, astral bridging, invisible environments, sleep, subtle sounds and vibratory patterns, private prayer, meditation, seclusion, great cosmic cycles, reflective thought, philosophical theory, ancestor spirits, telepathy, empathy, cetaceans and cultures of Sirius

Partnership

Dhanus = the 7th navamsha, broadly suggesting Guru-profiled spousal characteristics of expansive nature, preaching or professorial tendencies, engagement with higher principles and dogma, quest for understanding, philosophical vigor, inclusive attitude, priestly roles, indoctrination skills, preference for humanistic worldview, and global perspective. D-1 Brihaspati can indicate the lifemate's social context and position. Graha residing within the 7th navamsha ++ graha-yuti-Guru-D-1 can contribute more detailed behaviors.

Masculine Nativities

• Archbishop of Canterbury 1950- Rowan Williams

Feminine Nativities

• UK Queen 1819-1901 Empress Victoria-1

• Carolyn Bessette Kennedy partner of celebrity publisher 1960-1999 JFK-Jr

QUOTATION from Das / Behari

"You will be an expert in various higher branches of knowledge.

• You have many sons."

QUOTATION from* for the Male only * by Shil-Ponde. (1939). Hindu Astrology Joytisha-Shastra . p 105 same as Śrāvaṇa Pada-1

"Fair complexion.

Kind-hearted;

• orthodox in religion , usually attending church regularly,

likes social functions and fond of family life.

• Will have more than two children.

Has good health,

• likes to dress well, and fond of flowers .

Get much enjoyment out of the company of the opposite sex;

• likes to travel.

Will have trouble in the generative organs and possibly a surgical operation."

Śrāvaṇa Pada-4 * Karkata-Svamsha

BPL Commentary

Leadership

Mesha-Arya rules the 10th navamsha suggesting Mangala-profiled careers in championship, first-arrival, innovation, engineering, competition, challenge, conquest, dueling, domination, pioneering actions, use of force, hunting, dance, massage, muscular physique, physical appearance, embodiment, sexual pursuit, athletics, new birth, insemination, obstetrics, blood chemistry, inventions, novelty, singularity, winning

Partnership

Makara-Draco = the 7th navamsha, broadly suggesting Shani-profiled spousal characteristics of disciplined nature, regulatory or legislative tendencies, engagement with duty and responsibility, quest for orderly systems, pragmatism, common-sense attitude, rule-application skills, preference for conservative practices, and materialistic perspective. D-1 Shani can indicate the lifemate's social context and position. Graha residing within the 7th navamsha ++ graha-yuti-Shani in D-1 can contribute more detailed behaviors.

Masculine Nativities

• USA Civil Rights 1929-1968 Rev. Martin Luther King

Feminine Nativities

QUOTATION from Das / Behari

"You will have respect to priests or persons doing worship,

• and you will have a domineering disposition.

Your 20th year will be very risky."

QUOTATION * for the Male only * by Shil-Ponde. (1939). Hindu Astrology Joytisha-Shastra .p 105

same as Śrāvaṇa Pada-1

"Fair complexion.

Kind-hearted;

• orthodox in religion , usually attending church regularly,

likes social functions and fond of family life.

• Will have more than two children.

Has good health,

• likes to dress well, and fond of flowers .

Get much enjoyment out of the company of the opposite sex;

• likes to travel.

Will have trouble in the generative organs and possibly a surgical operation."

Zravana Moonrise

BPL commentary on Śrāvaṇa Nakshatra

People are talking; Śrāvaṇa is listening

• Śrāvaṇa is deeply concerned with public respectability and reputation.

any graha which occupy the Śrāvaṇa degree range = 10:00 - 23:20 Makara = one's "listening equipment"

the more graha located in Śrāvaṇa (including graha in the varga) the more energy one may devote to maintaining a spotless public reputation

PUBLIC RELATIONS

Śrāvaṇa is perpetually concerned with Public Relations. Suitable professions include

• attorney
• publicist
• PR departments of corporations and governments
• diplomatic roles

• spin doctors of every stripe

COMFORT ZONE

Chandra-ruled Śrāvaṇa feels most comfortable in a Chandra+Shani environment that combines familiar, predictable rhythms with a fixed, status-ranked hierarchy.

Thus the Listeners may self-soothe by hearing the Mass [message] or devoutly participating in the liturgy of their culture's status-cult.

Regular [Shani] attendants at state-sponsored worship, they tend to be "churchy".

• UK Queen 1819-1901 Empress Victoria-1

• UK-Queen 1926- Elizabeth-2

• 52nd Dai, Dawoodi Bohra 1915-2014 Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin

• Archbishop of Canterbury 1950- Rowan Williams

Intimacy with the Object of Study

Hearing

QUOTATION from H.H. Tenzin Gyatso, Kindness, Clarity, and Insight 25th Anniversary Edition . Jeffrey Hopkins (Trans. Ed.), Elizabeth Napper (Ed.),

"When engaging in hearing , it is important to mix the mind, to familiarize the mind, with what is being heard.

• The study of religion is not like learning about history.

It must be mixed with your mental continuum; your mind should be suffused with it.

A sutra says that the practices are like a mirror;

• your actions of body, speech, and mind are like a face to be seen in the mirror;

• and through the practices you should recognize faults and gradually get rid of them.

As it is said in the oral transmission,

• "If there is enough space between yourself and the practices for someone else to walk through, then you are not implementing them properly."

The Listener * Śrāvaṇa * Shamana

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